One of the factors that can be the link between our intentions and actions and their external consequences is human agency, which indicates the conscious design and intentional execution of actions by the individual in order to influence future events.Objective and Method: This research with a developmental approach of psychometric method and method 1, examines the psychometric indices of the Human Factor Characteristics Scale using the classical Theory of test score measurement and the graduated question-answer Theory. The purpose of this study, which included high school students in Tehran, was selected by cluster sampling of 500 people as a sample size and statistical analysis was performed on 481 data. To collect the data, the ion Human Agent Characteristics Scale (2011) was used and the research questions were evaluated using IRTPRO and SPSS software.Results:The assumption of local independence based on Pearson x2 index was established by applying Simjima's calibrated question-answer Theory and the assumption of being one-dimensional based on the analysis of multidimensional question-answer Theory. Diagnosis parameters with question-answer approach and classical approach Test score Both item 25 approach had the lowest and item 2 had the highest diagnosis parameter. The answer thresholds for all the questions were so far apart that no option was covered by the other option, and the options were independently selected by individuals at intervals of theta. The total scale was calculated with Cronbach's alpha of 0.945, intentionality of 0.894, foresight of 0.780, self-reactivity of 0.871 and rethinking of 0.762. Also, the role of each item in internal consistency was investigated by the loop method, which all questions had a favorable role in internal consistency of this scale. The value of the validity coefficient obtained from the question-answer Theory was obtained by marginal method for intentionality 0.92, forethought 0.85, self-reaction 0.91, rethinking 0.83..

A prceis of P.D. Reynolds's A Primer in Theory Construction adapted to the needs of Architects and architectural theorists, the article starts with the definition of Theory, and Describes the key elements in constructing and understanding theories, such as 'idea', 'concept', and 'statement'. Final sections explain different theoretical forms and Theory Assessment methods which lead to research strategies for creating new sets of knowledge Which could be trusted by the scientist as part of the scientific knowledge.    

Disability is a social phenomenon that in medical science interpreted as a physiological disability. There is this social reality in every society and interpret differently according with social conditions and thoughts of individuals in society. These interpretations effect on interaction of people with disabilities، attitude of disabilities to self-disability and him/her reaction to this situation. Family، friends and entourage can effect on “self-image” of disabilities. In This research، subjective dimension of disability considered as a social problem through emphasis on knowledge factor and structure of mind of disabilities. So has been used of Constructionist theoretical approach. The aims of this research are recognition of Social Construction of disability، reaction of disabilities to that and highlighting subjective dimension of disability. Methods of data collection include participatory observation، partnership in group therapy meetings and depth interview and have been used of grounded Theory for data analysis. Results show disabilities image themselves unable by other people، which always needed help. They thought only time they can have happiness life is when earn their healthy.

The first formulation of the Theory of mimesis is based on the assumption that art and literature represent the real world, or nature. In later analyzes, although the scope of the object of mimesis expands to include the general, beautiful nature, human action, and the ideal, the assumption remains that literary representation is realistically concerned with external objects or the state of affairs. Thus, what the Theory of imitation yields, in spite of the diversity of the subject matter of mimesis, ultimately entails the neglect of two fundamental issues,that is, ignoring the Construction of reality and also the effect of the subject's epistemological Construction on the quality of representation. For this reason, in this research, while accepting the basic assumptions of the Theory of imitation, we first clarify the limits of the concept of mental image. We then assume that the mind is able to represent a primitive reality through images that are sometimes fundamentally alien to the situation. Finally, by emphasizing Searle's distinction of institutional and brute facts, while modifying his view, we clarify the importance of applying this distinction to the Theory of mimesis and explain how language is involved in the regulation of the Construction of reality.

Purpose: The future of the Construction industry is increasingly influenced by new technologies. In order to adopt appropriate strategies in facing new technologies, it is necessary to know the possible futures of the Construction industry. This research was done with the aim of explaining the technological uncertainties and compiling the future scenarios of the Construction industry.  Method: The research method is applied and was carried out with a combination of quantitative and qualitative methods. First, the library study was used to determine the technological drivers, then the Structural Analysis was used to explain the technological uncertainties, and finally, the Schwartz method was used to compile the scenarios. The statistical population is experts of Construction industry. Findings: Nine technological uncertainties affecting the future of the Construction industry have been identified and for each of them, three states of decline, stagnation and progress have been considered. Data analysis by Scenario Wizard shows eight probable scenarios. The portfolio of scenarios including four groups of progress scenarios, towards progress, towards stagnation, and towards wane has been compiled. Conclusion: In the progress scenario, the 89% of uncertainties have developed. In  towards progress, 56% of the factors are in the development status, which indicates the development of the technological factor application. In the stagnation scenario, no progress has been made in the application of uncertainties and they are in a static state. In towards wane, uncertainties have been placed in a situation of reduced use.